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NMT歷*的今天丨高銨抑制小麥根部鉀吸收
NMT是基因功能的活體檢測(cè)技術(shù)，已被103位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主所在單位，及北大、清華、中科院使用。
NMT歷*的今天
2014年12月16日，山東省農(nóng)科院孔令安用NMT在Frontiers in Plant Science上發(fā)表了標(biāo)題為Effects of high NH4+ on K+ uptake, culm mechanical strength and grain filling in wheat的研究成果。
期刊：Frontiers in Plant Science
主題：高銨抑制小麥根部鉀吸收
標(biāo)題：Effects of high NH4+on K+ uptake, culm mechanical strength and grain filling in wheat
影響因子：4.495
檢測(cè)指標(biāo)：K+流速
作者：山東省農(nóng)科院孔令安
英文摘要
It is well established that a high external NH4+ concentration depresses many processes in plant development, but the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. To determine whether the negative effects of high levels of NH4+ are related to competitive cation uptake, wheat was grown in a field with moderate (18 g N m−2) and high (30 g N m−2) supplies ofNH4+ in the presence or absence of additional K+ (6 g K2O m−2) to examine culm mechanical strength, the main components of the vascular bundle, nitrogen (N) remobilization and the grain-filling rate.
The results indicated that an excessive supply of NH4+ significantly decreased culm mechanical strength, the cellulose and lignin contents of vascular bundles, the N remobilization efficiency (NRE) and the grain-filling rate compared with a moderate level of NH4+. The additional provision of K+ considerably alleviated these negative effects of high NH4+, resulting in a 19.41–26.95% increase in culm mechanical strength during grain filling and a 34.59% increase in the NRE. An assay using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) showed that the net rate of transmembrane K+ influx decreased by 84.62%, and measurements using flame photometry demonstrated that the K+ content decreased by 36.13% in wheat plants subjected to high NH4+.
This study indicates that the effects of high NH4+ on culm mechanical strength, cellulose and lignin contents, the NRE and the grain-filling rate are probably associated with inhibition of K+ uptake in wheat.
中文摘要（谷歌機(jī)翻）
*，外部NH4+ 的高濃度會(huì)抑制植物發(fā)育中的許多過程，但其潛在機(jī)理仍未得到很好的理解。為了確定高水平的NH4+的負(fù)面影響是否與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性陽離子攝入相關(guān)，將小麥種植在提供適量（18 g N m-2）和大量（30 g N m-2）NH4+的田地上在存在或不存在額外的K+（6 g K2O m-2）的情況下進(jìn)行圖4的測(cè)試，以檢查莖稈機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，維管束的主要成分，氮（N）遷移和谷粒填充率。
結(jié)果表明，與中等水平的NH4+相比，過量供應(yīng)NH4+會(huì)顯著降低莖稈機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，維管束中纖維素和木質(zhì)素的含量，氮的固定效率（NRE）和籽粒填充率。額外提供的K+大大減輕了高NH4+的這些負(fù)面影響，導(dǎo)致籽粒灌漿期間莖稈機(jī)械強(qiáng)度提高了19.41–26.95％，NRE增加了34.59％。使用掃描離子選擇電極技術(shù)（SIET）進(jìn)行的分析表明，跨膜K +流入的凈速率降低了84.62％，而使用火焰光度法的測(cè)量結(jié)果表明，在高NH4+的小麥植株中，K+含量降低了36.13％。。
這項(xiàng)研究表明，高NH4+對(duì)小麥莖稈機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，纖維素和木質(zhì)素含量，NRE和籽粒充實(shí)率的影響可能與抑制小麥吸收K+有關(guān)。
(B) The effects of 10 mM NH4+ on the kinetics of the net K+ ?uxes in wheat root epidermal cells; each point is the mean from six individual plants. (C) Each column presents
the mean values of the K+ ?uxes measured in the root epidermal cells over a recording period of 30 min. Nm: moderate NH4+,Nh:10mM NH4+ treatment. The bars represent the standard deviation for six individual plants. The different letters indicated above each column refer to signi?cant differences at the P < 0.05 level.