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Beta-tubulin is a member of the tubulin protein family, which forms the structural basis of microtubules, essential components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. These microtubules play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including mitosis, intracellular transport, and cell signaling. Beta-tubulin associates with alpha-tubulin to create heterodimers, which then polymerize into microtubules. It is particularly important during the formation of the mitotic spindle, facilitating chromosome segregation. Beta-tubulin is also involved in the stabilization of microtubules and can be a target for antimitotic drugs, making it significant in cancer therapy. Its expression and activity can vary among different cell types and developmental stages, highlighting its versatility in cellular functions.