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CD16 has been identified as Fc receptors FcγRIIIa （CD16a） and FcγRIIIb （CD16b）, which participate in signal transduction. The most well-researched membrane receptor implicated in triggering lysis by NK cells, CD16 is a molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily （IgSF） involved in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity （ADCC）. It can be used to isolate populations of specific immune cells through fluorescent-activated cell sorting （FACS） or magnetic-activated cell sorting, using antibodies directed towards CD16. CD16 plays a significant role in early activation of natural killer （NK） cells following vaccination. In addition, CD16 downregulation represents a possible way to moderate NK cell responses and maintain immune homeostasis in both T cell and antibody-dependent signaling pathways.