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Thrombopoietin （TPO） is a glycoprotein hormone that plays a crucial role in the regulation of platelet production by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes. The 174 amino acid （aa） form of TPO is a key isoform that has been extensively studied for its biological activities. In mice, TPO is essential for maintaining normal platelet counts and has been used as a model to understand its functions in hematopoiesis and thrombopoiesis.
TPO （174aa） is a target for the development of therapeutic agents aimed at treating thrombocytopenia and other platelet disorders. Recombinant TPO analogs and TPO receptor agonists are being developed and tested for their efficacy in increasing platelet counts. Also, TPO levels can be used as a biomarker for certain hematological conditions. Assays and kits for measuring TPO in biological samples are being developed for diagnostic purposes.